According to the third discussion of the national regulations of Iran, the atrium is a fixed and open opening that connects two or more floors and its upper end is closed. Labers, electrical, mechanical facilities or other equipment.
Smoke control is very important in large spaces, including atriums. The aim of the atrium smoke control system is to eliminate the possibility of smoke transfer between different layers through the atrium and creating danger for other layers to which the fire has not spread. In the smoke control design of atriums, the requirements of the national regulations and the international standard NFPA92 are considered.
The height of the smoke layer should be at least 20% of the height from the ceiling to the floor and a maximum of 1.83 meters above the last access level.
Smoke is known as the main cause of casualties in fire accidents in buildings. Smoke control in large and bulky spaces has a longer history than other smoke control systems. The aim of the atrium smoke control system is to eliminate the possibility of smoke transfer between different floors through the atrium and create hazards for other floors that are not affected by fire.
In this system, in order to prevent the smoke layer from the designed fire from reaching a certain height and exposing people to the smoke, the smoke is mechanically discharged from the upper part of the atrium.
In addition to exhausting the smoke from the upper part of the atrium, the compensatory air required for the smoke control system is also supplied from the lower part of the atrium using openings or fans in a natural or forced manner.
Considering the limitations of using algebraic relations and also the large space of atriums, it is strongly recommended that the final design be evaluated and evaluated using computational fluid dynamics simulations and the necessary corrections be applied.
However, it is not expected that the results of computational fluid dynamics simulations will be very different from the results of using algebraic relations.
Atrium design fire scenarios
Fire inside the atrium (symmetrical smoke column)
A fire in the adjacent space
Fire has developed
Atrium smoke control In order to prevent the smoke layer from the designed fire from reaching a certain height and exposing people to the smoke, the smoke is evacuated mechanically from the upper part of the atrium. The upper part of the atrium is the compensatory air required by the control system. Smoke is also supplied from the lower part of the atrium by using openings or fans in a natural or forced way.
Due to the limitations of using algebraic relations and also the large space of atriums, the final design document of the industrial group of Bostanchi will be examined and evaluated using computational fluid dynamics simulations. Necessary measures should be implemented.
However, it is not expected that the results of computational fluid dynamics simulations will have a huge difference with the results of using algebraic relations.